ARTICLES

Author: Hanna Sztuka

Cirka 1994 Borek-Cuma po Eukaliptus hod.SK Kurozwęki

Cirka was raised in Kurozwęki, but it was already the decline period of the activity of this third (established in 1973) state stud for Arabian horses. The State Stud Farm in Kurozwęki ended its breeding activities in 1998 and the entire herd of mares was sold. The most valuable mares were, by decision of the ANR (Agricultural Property Agency), transferred to other state studs: Janów, Michałów and Białka, and the remaining mares were purchased by the private stud Tarus Arabians. A few mares remained in the reprivatized Kurozwęki. Attempts were made to protect this breeding, at least to a minimal extent, as it was at that time that it began to achieve its first significant successes. However, the economic realities of the late 1990s and the privatization policy of the then ANR did not find arguments for preserving this breeding as a whole. The mares that went to the studs in Janów and Michałów were selected to protect the dam lines located in Kurozwęki, but were lost in these studs. Białka Stud, in turn, received almost all of the best breeding material from Kurozwęki, i.e. young mares, among which there were several extremely valuable daughters of show-type stallions Palas, Eukaliptus and Ararat, which were beginning to dominate in Polish breeding. Cirka, whose very beautiful dam, Cuma 1990 by Eukaliptus, was sold to private breeding - was among the group of mares transferred to Białka. She came to Białka in foal to the Janów-bred son of Eukaliptus, the stallion Harbin, who became the sire of her first offspring, the stallion Circus, born in Białka in 1999. Cirka gave birth to 12 foals in Białka, including four mares incorporated into breeding: Citroneta 2000 by Pesal, Cirilla 2006 by Ekstern, Cirlita 2011 by Eryks and Cilia 2018 by Medalion.

Gazella or.ar. 1840 hod.Anazeh Sebaa, imp.1845 Jarczowce, Akwarela Juliusz Kossak około 1850r.

Cirka represents the dam line of the mare Gazella d.b. imported to Jarczowce in 1845 by Count Juliusz Dzieduszycki, who died without issue in 1885. After his death, the stud was inherited by his nephew, Count Wojciech Dzieduszycki, who had no passion for Arabian horses: he selected 12 mares from Jarczowce and moved them to Jezupol. The rest of Juliusz Dzieduszycki's horses were sold to other studs. Only when the Jezupol stud was taken over by his son Władysław in 1894, the Jarczowce traditions were revived. Unfortunately, already in 1914, almost all the horses from the stud in Jezupol were taken by German troops. Left in Jezupol was one mare, Pomponia 1902, and three several-month-old fillies Jezupol: Gazella II 1914, Mlecha 1914 and Zulejma 1914. Władysław Dzieduszycki was forced to sell the fillies that survived the conflagration of the revolution and World War I, thus ending his family's many years of breeding. Ultimately, the Jezupol fillies were transferred to the newly established Arabian horse department at Janów Podlaski State Stud, where each of them created their own, extremely valuable line.

Gazella II 1914 Koheilan or.ar.-Abra po Anvil hod. W.Dzieduszycki Jezupol

Gazella II 1914, was one of the most important broodmares of Janów Podlaski in the interwar period. She turned out to be an extremely valuable dam, whom the then breeder at Janów Podlaski State Stud, Stanisław Pohoski, had particular trust in. In the following years the following daughters of Gazella II were born: Elegantka 1923, Fryga II 1924, Jaskółka II 1928, Makata 1931, Najada 1932 and Taraszcza 1937. Her line was rebuilt also after World War II, although Gazella II 1914 and other valuable mares from this line were stolen by the Russians in 1939 and ended up in Tersk in the Caucasus. The offspring of Gazella II became an invaluable source of blood for many generations for breeders both in Poland and the USSR.

Cyrkulacja 1974 Palas-Cykuta po Mir Said hod.SK Kurozwęki

One of Gazella II's granddaughters, Rozeta 1935 by Almanzor, was sold before the war from Janów to a private breeding in the Śmiłowice estate and was fortunately among the group of horses that survived World War II in southern Poland. Through the Raba Wyżna Stud, the already "nationalized" Rozeta came to Nowy Dwór Stud. Born in Nowy Dwór, her daughter Cerozja 1949 by Wielki Szlem, was transferred to Albigowa Stud, and then she and her daughter Cyneraria 1961 by Sędziwój, after the liquidation of the stud farm in Albigowa, went to Janów Podlaski. Cerozja founded her own family in Janów, active to this day and currently represented by the mares Cereza 2008 and Cedora 2013.

Ciupaga 1984 Banat-Cyrkulacja po Palas hod.SK Kurozwęki

When in 1973, the next stud farm after Janów and Michałów was established in Kurozwęki, Cyneraria's daughter, Cykuta 1966 by Mir Said, in foal to the stallion Palas, was transferred there from Janów. The grey Cyrkulacja 1974 by Palas out of Cykuta by Mir Said, born in Kurozwęki, began her own family in Kurozwęki, which was then continued in Białka, where, after the privatization of Kurozwęki, her daughter Ciupaga 1984 by Banat and granddaughter Cirka 1994 by Borek came. Currently, the family of Cyrkulacja 1974 is represented at Białka Stud by four broodmares: Cirilla 2006 by Ekstern, Cirlita 2011 by Eryks, Cilia 2018 by Medalion, Chilia 2020 by Alert and seven young fillies. In parallel with the family of Cyrkulacjaa 1974 from Kurozwęki, there is a family in Białka founded by the mare Carmen 1985, also descended from Janów's Elegantka 1923, which, despite previous successes in breeding, including the top stallion Celsjusz 2004 by Ekstern, is currently represented by one young filly, Cuba 2023 by Palatino, whose future breeding career will decide whether the Carmen 1985 family in Białka will develop or on the contrary.

Cirilla 2006 Ekstern-Cirka po Borek hod.SO Białka

The dam line of Gazella d.b., prolonged by the mare Gazella II 1914, is represented in Polish state breeding by mares that can be found in the pedigrees of numerous valuable mares and stallions, where there are both exceptionally beautiful and exceptionally brave horses. One of the most interesting examples is the progeny of the mare Fryga II 1924, which, through Ofirka 1939, miraculously saved from Soviet plunder, produced mares without whom it is difficult to imagine Polish breeding today. Mares descended directly from Ofirka are known for their outstanding performance and currently, although only a few, continue breeding in dam families in Janów: Oktavia 2003 by Om El Extreem and in Białka: Orea 2012 by Eryks and Orletta 2017 by El Omari. In turn, Ofirka's daughter Gastronomia 1946, who came to Michałów, produced a number of beautiful mares, and from the family she founded come such mares as World Champion Galilea 2000 by Laheeb, the titled Galerida 2013 by Shanghai E.A., and one of the most beautiful current mares in Michałów - Goltemma 2018 by Sahm El Arab.

Cirlita 2011 Eryks-Cirka po Borek hod. SO Białka

The complicated fates of Arabian horses at the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries, which survived the revolution, two world wars, nationalization and changing of breeding concepts, show how excellent the consistent work of Polish breeders to preserve the heritage of the former borderland stud farms was. This extraordinary persistence over time and the passion for Arabian horses passed down from generation to generation means that Poles can still boast the oldest dam families in world breeding. Currently, in this heritage of generations, the divisions between state and private breeding are blurred, although the former, due to the protection of the state, has a greater chance of breeding to preserve native sire and dam lines.

Cilia 2018 Medalion-Cirka po Borek

Cirilla 2006 Ekstern-cirka po Borek (photo taken in year 2023)

Klacz Cirlita ze źrebięciem (photo taken in year 2023)